In a large mixing bowl, combine the strained Greek yogurt, light mascarpone cheese, maple syrup, and vanilla extract. Whisk vigorously until the mixture is smooth, airy, and well-incorporated.
Pour the cooled espresso into a shallow wide-bottomed bowl.
Briefly dip each gluten-free ladyfinger into the espresso, ensuring they are moistened but not saturated to prevent sogginess.
Arrange a single layer of dipped ladyfingers in the bottom of an 8x8-inch glass dish or similar serving container.
Spread half of the yogurt-mascarpone cream mixture evenly over the first layer of ladyfingers using an offset spatula.
Repeat the process by adding a second layer of espresso-dipped ladyfingers, followed by the remaining cream mixture. Smooth the top surface.
Cover the dish tightly with plastic wrap and refrigerate for a minimum of 5 hours, ideally overnight, to allow the structure to set and flavors to meld.
Just before serving, use a fine-mesh sieve to dust the top generously with cocoa powder and garnish with the shaved dark chocolate.